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要求：
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谢谢各位大虾～～～
文章如下：
本人以为中外文化、历史和意识形态不同，新闻教育不可避免地带有上述特征。但两者也有相似之处，从史学的角度看，回眸中美新闻事业不难发现，两者的新闻事业都经历了相似的发展轨迹，如报纸都经历了言论报纸（中国为观点报纸）→政党报纸→商业报纸（中国为商业性报纸）三个历史发展阶段。又，教育是具有普遍规律的，就新闻是一门实践性很强的独立学科来说，两国也是相同的，不乏有可比之处。另一方面，中国和美国的新闻事业亦有着很大的差异，新闻教育也各有特点。美国的新闻事业受经济控制，而中国的则受经济和政治双重控制。就经济与新闻事业的关系而言，美国是媒介产业化，而中国传媒也在走向市场化，但却有着不同于美国的特点。中国的新闻事业在形式上虽与美国不同，但在内容上，却仍有照搬美国之嫌。从新闻学术史的角度看，一些新闻学著作的体系、观点和方法在整体上与美国的保持一致。对中美新闻教育做以比较，并对其所依托的文化、历史和意识形态进行细致客观的解读，会直接嘉惠于判别这种做法在中国应用的可行性。
以下是你发的4个提问，共3段，翻译的不好请指正。
PARA ONE
Personally, I think that, because of the differences in cultures, histories and ideologies between China and foreign countries, their journalism and education inevitably bear the above features.
However, they have similarities, too. From the perspective of historiography, if we look back on Chinese and American journalism, it is easy to find out that they both have gone through the similar development orbits. For instance, their newspapers have experienced three historical stages of development: remark newspapers (standpoint newspapers in China) → political party newspapers → business newspapers (commercial newspapers in China).
Furthermore, education has its universal law, and journalism as an independent subject with very strong practicality is the same in both the two countries with no lacks of comparison.
On the other hand, China's and America's journalism also have the very prodigious differences and their education respectively has their own features.
In America journalism is subjected to economy, while in China it is subjected doubly by economy and politics.
Speaking of the economy-journalism relations, in America journalism is industrialized, and in China mass media is also marketizing, but actually different from that of the US.
The journalism in China is different in form, but is suspected of taking over that of the US in its content.
From the viewpoint of academic history of journalism, the systems, views and methods of some journalism works kept identical with those of America on the whole.
To compare Chinese and Amercian journalism education, to explain detailly and objectively the culture , history and ideology which it relies on, will benefit us directly in estimating the feasibility if its method to be applied in China.
PARA TWO
The perspective and content by which things can be compared are very complicated.
Speaking of the connotation of this thesis, politics, society and culture background of the objects under study are different, so making the objects under study comparable is the basic premise.
Therefore, first it’s essential that we set the range of time of the thesis from the end of 1970s’ and the beginning of 1980s’ until now.
After 1978, freeed itself from the standstill dilemma of the Culture Revolution, Chinese education begun to revive and develop gradually; almost simultaneously (1982-1994) mass media in the US developed quickly, employees increased 40%, which, too, stimulated the development of journalism education.
Only by ascertaining the study in this specific scope of time, the comparison is comparable, reliable and effective.
Then it’s nessasary that we define the specific content and criteria of the comparison, such as training target, professional standard, curriculum set-up, teaching approach, education investment, governmental adjustment and control, the profiling of students and faculty, employment, other education forms and characteristics and so on.
This study focuses on the above integrated standard, identical comparison items and scope throughout the process of comparison.
Only when the both parties are comparable, and when they can be examined and estimated according to mutual standard, it’s possible that we make the study meaningful.
PARA THREE
Secondly, data collection and detailed desription.
Speaking of this thesis, data collection includes reference to documents, investigation and interview, symposium, examination on the spot and so on.
In order to reflect the objests under study comprehensively and objectively,
In the meantime, it’s necessary that the researchers be aware to select the data which are representative and convincing to make our reseaching target of comparison between Chinese and American journalism education phenomena meaningful and effective.
And by integrating the researching activities, making method scientific and statistics and measurement accurate, it’s ensured that the conclusion we get be correct and all the data be true and reliable.
Thirdly, seeing that journalism education is complicated itself, and the factors confined journalism education are of great quantity, it’s necessary that after the acquisition of large numbers of comparable data on Chinese and Amercian journalism edcation, we use the viewpoints and knownledge from mass media, pedagogy, pedagogical psychology, sociology, culturology，and political economics to explain and analyze, categorize them, and classify them into different types, so as to compare them comprehensively and multi-dimensionally surrounded the thesis, classify and compare the similarities and differences between Chinese and American journalism education, explain the origin of the similarities and differences between the two countries and make comprehensive analyses using dialetical and relative viewpoints.
Forthly, on the basis that similarities and differences are analyzed carefully, the journalism education of both countries are estimated comprehensively, essential law of education phenomenon is further explored.
Because of the difference in the way of thinking, it’s likely that different deduction and explanation can be made.
Every study inevitably has it’s ambiguities, so in the process of data research, cause and effect analysis and comparison estimation, this thesis tries carry out the study conscientiously.
PARA ONE
Personally, I think that, because of the differences in cultures, histories and ideologies between China and foreign countries, their journalism and education inevitably bear the above features.
However, they have similarities, too. From the perspective of historiography, if we look back on Chinese and American journalism, it is easy to find out that they both have gone through the similar development orbits. For instance, their newspapers have experienced three historical stages of development: remark newspapers (standpoint newspapers in China) → political party newspapers → business newspapers (commercial newspapers in China).
Furthermore, education has its universal law, and journalism as an independent subject with very strong practicality is the same in both the two countries with no lacks of comparison.
On the other hand, China's and America's journalism also have the very prodigious differences and their education respectively has their own features.
In America journalism is subjected to economy, while in China it is subjected doubly by economy and politics.
Speaking of the economy-journalism relations, in America journalism is industrialized, and in China mass media is also marketizing, but actually different from that of the US.
The journalism in China is different in form, but is suspected of taking over that of the US in its content.
From the viewpoint of academic history of journalism, the systems, views and methods of some journalism works kept identical with those of America on the whole.
To compare Chinese and Amercian journalism education, to explain detailly and objectively the culture , history and ideology which it relies on, will benefit us directly in estimating the feasibility if its method to be applied in China.
PARA TWO
The perspective and content by which things can be compared are very complicated.
Speaking of the connotation of this thesis, politics, society and culture background of the objects under study are different, so making the objects under study comparable is the basic premise.
Therefore, first it’s essential that we set the range of time of the thesis from the end of 1970s’ and the beginning of 1980s’ until now.
After 1978, freeed itself from the standstill dilemma of the Culture Revolution, Chinese education begun to revive and develop gradually; almost simultaneously (1982-1994) mass media in the US developed quickly, employees increased 40%, which, too, stimulated the development of journalism education.
Only by ascertaining the study in this specific scope of time, the comparison is comparable, reliable and effective.
Then it’s nessasary that we define the specific content and criteria of the comparison, such as training target, professional standard, curriculum set-up, teaching approach, education investment, governmental adjustment and control, the profiling of students and faculty, employment, other education forms and characteristics and so on.
This study focuses on the above integrated standard, identical comparison items and scope throughout the process of comparison.
Only when the both parties are comparable, and when they can be examined and estimated according to mutual standard, it’s possible that we make the study meaningful.
PARA THREE
Secondly, data collection and detailed desription.
Speaking of this thesis, data collection includes reference to documents, investigation and interview, symposium, examination on the spot and so on.
In order to reflect the objests under study comprehensively and objectively,
In the meantime, it’s necessary that the researchers be aware to select the data which are representative and convincing to make our reseaching target of comparison between Chinese and American journalism education phenomena meaningful and effective.
And by integrating the researching activities, making method scientific and statistics and measurement accurate, it’s ensured that the conclusion we get be correct and all the data be true and reliable.
Thirdly, seeing that journalism education is complicated itself, and the factors confined journalism education are of great quantity, it’s necessary that after the acquisition of large numbers of comparable data on Chinese and Amercian journalism edcation, we use the viewpoints and knownledge from mass media, pedagogy, pedagogical psychology, sociology, culturology，and political economics to explain and analyze, categorize them, and classify them into different types, so as to compare them comprehensively and multi-dimensionally surrounded the thesis, classify and compare the similarities and differences between Chinese and American journalism education, explain the origin of the similarities and differences between the two countries and make comprehensive analyses using dialetical and relative viewpoints.
Forthly, on the basis that similarities and differences are analyzed carefully, the journalism education of both countries are estimated comprehensively, essential law of education phenomenon is further explored.
Because of the difference in the way of thinking, it’s likely that different deduction and explanation can be made.
Every study inevitably has it’s ambiguities, so in the process of data research, cause and effect analysis and comparison estimation, this thesis tries carry out the study conscientiously.
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第1个回答 2007-06-18
标准人脑翻译：
本人以为中外文化、历史和意识形态不同，新闻教育不可避免地带有上述特征。
On my standpoint, there is much difference in culture, history and conception between China and other countries, and news education is also inevitibly has these properties.
但两者也有相似之处，从史学的角度看，回眸中美新闻事业不难发现，两者的新闻事业都经历了相似的发展轨迹，如报纸都经历了言论报纸（中国为观点报纸）→政党报纸→商业报纸（中国为商业性报纸）三个历史发展阶段。
However, they are same in some parts. In terms of history, we will find that both of their news career run on the same track as we look back into the development of both China's and America's news career. For example, newspapers have gone through three historical development age——speech newspapers(viewing newspapers in China), political newspapers and commercial newspapers.
又，教育是具有普遍规律的，就新闻是一门实践性很强的独立学科来说，两国也是相同的，不乏有可比之处。
Moreover, education has its common law. In terms of news, which is a strong practical and single subject, both of two countries are the same, but still comparable.
另一方面，中国和美国的新闻事业亦有着很大的差异，新闻教育也各有特点。
For another thing, news career in both China and America still has a large diversity and news educations also has its own properties respectively.
美国的新闻事业受经济控制，而中国的则受经济和政治双重控制。就经济与新闻事业的关系而言，美国是媒介产业化，而中国传媒也在走向市场化，但却有着不同于美国的特点。
The news career of America is only in control of economy but it of China is in control of both economy and politics. To the relation of economy and news career, American belongs to media-industrialization and China media is on the way to the market, but it has properties which are different from them in America.
中国的新闻事业在形式上虽与美国不同，但在内容上，却仍有照搬美国之嫌。从新闻学术史的角度看，一些新闻学著作的体系、观点和方法在整体上与美国的保持一致。
By means of its form, China's is different from America's, but in its content, China's news career has the suspicion of wholly copying the method of America's. On the viewpoint of history of acadmic news study, some systems, views and ways of news works are retain accordance with America's wholly.
对中美新闻教育做以比较，并对其所依托的文化、历史和意识形态进行细致客观的解读，会直接嘉惠于判别这种做法在中国应用的可行性。
Comparing with news education in China and America and analyses its culture, history and conception meticuously and carefully, it will benefit in judging the viability of the method using in China.
本人以为中外文化、历史和意识形态不同，新闻教育不可避免地带有上述特征。
On my standpoint, there is much difference in culture, history and conception between China and other countries, and news education is also inevitibly has these properties.
但两者也有相似之处，从史学的角度看，回眸中美新闻事业不难发现，两者的新闻事业都经历了相似的发展轨迹，如报纸都经历了言论报纸（中国为观点报纸）→政党报纸→商业报纸（中国为商业性报纸）三个历史发展阶段。
However, they are same in some parts. In terms of history, we will find that both of their news career run on the same track as we look back into the development of both China's and America's news career. For example, newspapers have gone through three historical development age——speech newspapers(viewing newspapers in China), political newspapers and commercial newspapers.
又，教育是具有普遍规律的，就新闻是一门实践性很强的独立学科来说，两国也是相同的，不乏有可比之处。
Moreover, education has its common law. In terms of news, which is a strong practical and single subject, both of two countries are the same, but still comparable.
另一方面，中国和美国的新闻事业亦有着很大的差异，新闻教育也各有特点。
For another thing, news career in both China and America still has a large diversity and news educations also has its own properties respectively.
美国的新闻事业受经济控制，而中国的则受经济和政治双重控制。就经济与新闻事业的关系而言，美国是媒介产业化，而中国传媒也在走向市场化，但却有着不同于美国的特点。
The news career of America is only in control of economy but it of China is in control of both economy and politics. To the relation of economy and news career, American belongs to media-industrialization and China media is on the way to the market, but it has properties which are different from them in America.
中国的新闻事业在形式上虽与美国不同，但在内容上，却仍有照搬美国之嫌。从新闻学术史的角度看，一些新闻学著作的体系、观点和方法在整体上与美国的保持一致。
By means of its form, China's is different from America's, but in its content, China's news career has the suspicion of wholly copying the method of America's. On the viewpoint of history of acadmic news study, some systems, views and ways of news works are retain accordance with America's wholly.
对中美新闻教育做以比较，并对其所依托的文化、历史和意识形态进行细致客观的解读，会直接嘉惠于判别这种做法在中国应用的可行性。
Comparing with news education in China and America and analyses its culture, history and conception meticuously and carefully, it will benefit in judging the viability of the method using in China.
第2个回答 2007-06-19
Myself I consider that even the culture, the history and the ideology of China and foreign countries are different. Therefore, the journalistic education bears inevitably about the above-mentioned signs. However, they both are alike. From historiography, if you look back of China-USA journalism, you will find out easily that China-USA journalism both went through the alike developing locus. Such as, the newspapers went through three historical development stage by the expression newspaper (China called the standpoint newspaper),the political party newspaper, and trade newspaper (China called the commerciality newspaper). In addation, education has the universal rule. Take the news is a strong practicalness independent educational project as an example, this is same in two countries, and there is no lack of comparable. On the other hand, the difference of China-USA journalism is wildly, and the journalistic educations have their own characteristics. The journalism of America is commanded by economy, but of China is commanded by both economy and politics. Take an example of the relationship between economy and journalism, America is media industrialization, but the media of China is trending towards marketization, and it hasd different characteristics from American. Although, the form is different between Chinese journalism and American journalism, but in details, it still has the suspicion of copy from America. From history of acadmic news, they have same system, viewpoint, method from journalism paper in general. It comparied the journalistic educations between China and America, and carried out external decipherment from its supporting culture, history and ideology. It can directly do favors for distinguishing this way of application feasibility in China.
自己翻译，望采纳！！
自己翻译，望采纳！！
第3个回答 2007-06-16
Myself thought the Chinese and foreign culture, the history and the
ideology are different, the news educates the inevitable region to
have the above characteristic. But two also has similarly place,
looked from the history angle, turns the head the China and America
journalism not to be difficult to discover, two journalisms have all
experienced the similar development path, like the newspaper has all
experienced the opinion newspaper (China for viewpoint newspaper) ->
the political party newspaper -> business newspaper (China for
commercial newspaper) three historical developments stage. Also, the
education has the universal law, the news is a practical very strong
independent discipline said, both countries also are same, is not
deficient has may compare it place. On the other hand, Chinese and
US'S journalism also has the very big difference, the news education
also respectively has the characteristic. US'S journalism economical
control, but China receives the economy and the political dual
control. Speaking of the economical and the journalism relations, US
is the medium industry, but the Chinese media also is moving towards
the market, but actually has is different with US'S characteristic.
China's journalism although is different in the form with US, but in
the content, actually still had imitates disliking of the American.
Anew heard the history of learning angle looked, some journalism works
systems, the viewpoint and the method are consistent in the whole with
US'S maintenance. Does to the Chinese and American news education
compares, and to the culture, the history and the ideology which its
depends on carries on careful objective , can direct your favor
to distinguish this procedure in the Chinese application feasibility.
ideology are different, the news educates the inevitable region to
have the above characteristic. But two also has similarly place,
looked from the history angle, turns the head the China and America
journalism not to be difficult to discover, two journalisms have all
experienced the similar development path, like the newspaper has all
experienced the opinion newspaper (China for viewpoint newspaper) ->
the political party newspaper -> business newspaper (China for
commercial newspaper) three historical developments stage. Also, the
education has the universal law, the news is a practical very strong
independent discipline said, both countries also are same, is not
deficient has may compare it place. On the other hand, Chinese and
US'S journalism also has the very big difference, the news education
also respectively has the characteristic. US'S journalism economical
control, but China receives the economy and the political dual
control. Speaking of the economical and the journalism relations, US
is the medium industry, but the Chinese media also is moving towards
the market, but actually has is different with US'S characteristic.
China's journalism although is different in the form with US, but in
the content, actually still had imitates disliking of the American.
Anew heard the history of learning angle looked, some journalism works
systems, the viewpoint and the method are consistent in the whole with
US'S maintenance. Does to the Chinese and American news education
compares, and to the culture, the history and the ideology which its
depends on carries on careful objective , can direct your favor
to distinguish this procedure in the Chinese application feasibility.
第4个回答 2007-06-18
Oneself think the Chinese and Foreign culture, history different from consciousness appearance, the news education inevitably take to have the above characteristic. But both also there is the likeness's place the journalism for angle for, from the historiography see, returning the 眸 Central America journalism not difficult detection, both all experienced the alike development 轨 the vestiged, if the newspaper all experienced the speech newspaper( china is standpoint newspaper) the → political party newspaper → business the newspaper( china is a business newspaper) the stage of three history developmentsed.Again, the education is ° which have widespread regulation, in regard to news is a fulfillment very strong and independent course, two countries also is same, and the not lack to having can compare its place. On the other hand, China is with the United States of the journalism as well have got very big difference, the news educate too each have the characteristics.The United States's journalism suffers the economic curb, but China of then suffer the economy with the dual control of political. Angle that in regard to the relation of the economy and journalism, the United States is a medium industry , and China spread the too in the 化in alignment market, but however have got to differ from the characteristics of the United States.China's journalism is in the formality although different from the United States, on the contents, however and still there is of shine onning to move the United States. From the news scholarship the history see, some Journalism keeping that make that system, standpoint is with the method on the whole with the United States consistent.Possibility towards culture, history for Central America news educating doing then comparing, combining as to it's rely onning with consciousness appearance proceed meticulous and objective reading, would directly benefit in distinguish this kind of way of doing at China apply.
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