第1个回答 推荐于2017-11-23
现在分词的句法功能
(1)作定语:现在分词作定语,当分词单独做定语时,放在所修饰的名词前;如果是分词短语做定语放在名词后。
e.g.In the following years he worked even harder.
在后来的几年中,他学习更努力了。
The man speaking to the teacher is our monitor's father.
正与老师谈话的那个人是我们班长的父亲。
现在分词作定语相当于一个定语从句的句法功能,如:in the following years也可用in the years that followed, the man speaking to the teacher可改为the man who is speaking to the teacher.
(2)现在分词作表语:
e.g.The film being shown in the cinema is exciting.
正在这家上演的电影很棒。
The present situation is inspiring.
当前的形势鼓舞人心。
"be + doing"既可能表示现在进行时,也可能是现在分词做表语,它们的区别在于"be + doing"表示进行的动作是进行时,而表示特征时是系动词be与现在分词构成系表结构。
(3)作宾语补足语
以下动词后可跟现在分词作宾语补足语:see, watch, hear, feel, find, get, keep, notice, observe, listen to, look at, leave, catch等。
e.g.Can you hear her singing the song in the next room?
你能听见她在隔壁唱歌吗?
He kept the car waiting at the gate.
他让小汽车在门口等着。
(4)现在分词作状语
①作时间状语
e.g.(While) Working in the factory, he was an advanced worker.
在工厂工作时,他是一名先进工人。
②作原因状语
e.g.Being a League member, he is always helping others.
由于是共青团员,他经常帮助他人。
③作方式状语,表示伴随
e.g.He stayed at home, cleaning and washing.
他呆在家里,又擦又洗。
④作条件状语
e.g.(If) Playing all day, you will waste your valuable time.
要是整天玩,你就会浪费宝贵的时间。
⑤作结果状语:
e.g.He dropped the glass, breaking it into pieces.
他把杯子掉了,结果摔得粉碎。
⑥作让步状语
e.g.Though raining heavily, it cleared up very soon.
虽然雨下得很大,但不久天就晴了。本回答被网友采纳