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Python æä¾äºä¸ä¸ª time å calendar 模åå¯ä»¥ç¨äºæ ¼å¼åæ¥æåæ¶é´ã
æ¶é´é´éæ¯ä»¥ç§ä¸ºåä½çæµ®ç¹å°æ°ã
æ¯ä¸ªæ¶é´æ³é½ä»¥èªä»1970å¹´1æ1æ¥åå¤ï¼åå
ï¼ç»è¿äºå¤é¿æ¶é´æ¥è¡¨ç¤ºã
Python ç time 模åä¸æå¾å¤å½æ°å¯ä»¥è½¬æ¢å¸¸è§æ¥ææ ¼å¼ãå¦å½æ°time.time()ç¨äºè·åå½åæ¶é´æ³, å¦ä¸å®ä¾:
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
import time; # å¼å
¥time模å
ticks = time.time()
print "å½åæ¶é´æ³ä¸º:", ticks
以ä¸å®ä¾è¾åºç»æï¼
å½åæ¶é´æ³ä¸º: 1459994552.51
æ¶é´æ³åä½æéäºåæ¥æè¿ç®ãä½æ¯1970å¹´ä¹åçæ¥æå°±æ æ³ä»¥æ¤è¡¨ç¤ºäºã太é¥è¿çæ¥æä¹ä¸è¡ï¼UNIXåWindowsåªæ¯æå°2038å¹´ã
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ç»è£
èµ·æ¥ç9ç»æ°åå¤çæ¶é´:
åºå·
å段
å¼
0 4ä½æ°å¹´ 2008
1 æ 1 å° 12
2 æ¥ 1å°31
3 å°æ¶ 0å°23
4 åé 0å°59
5 ç§ 0å°61 (60æ61 æ¯é°ç§)
6 ä¸å¨ç第å æ¥ 0å°6 (0æ¯å¨ä¸)
7 ä¸å¹´ç第å æ¥ 1å°366 (åç¥å)
8 å¤ä»¤æ¶ -1, 0, 1, -1æ¯å³å®æ¯å¦ä¸ºå¤ä»¤æ¶çæå¸
ä¸è¿°ä¹å°±æ¯struct_timeå
ç»ãè¿ç§ç»æå
·æå¦ä¸å±æ§ï¼
åºå·
å±æ§
å¼
0 tm_year 2008
1 tm_mon 1 å° 12
2 tm_mday 1 å° 31
3 tm_hour 0 å° 23
4 tm_min 0 å° 59
5 tm_sec 0 å° 61 (60æ61 æ¯é°ç§)
6 tm_wday 0å°6 (0æ¯å¨ä¸)
7 tm_yday 1 å° 366(åç¥å)
8 tm_isdst -1, 0, 1, -1æ¯å³å®æ¯å¦ä¸ºå¤ä»¤æ¶çæå¸
è·åå½åæ¶é´
ä»è¿åæµ®ç¹æ°çæ¶é´è¾æ¹å¼åæ¶é´å
ç»è½¬æ¢ï¼åªè¦å°æµ®ç¹æ°ä¼ éç»å¦localtimeä¹ç±»çå½æ°ã
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
import time
localtime = time.localtime(time.time())
print "æ¬å°æ¶é´ä¸º :", localtime
以ä¸å®ä¾è¾åºç»æï¼
æ¬å°æ¶é´ä¸º : time.struct_time(tm_year=2016, tm_mon=4, tm_mday=7, tm_hour=10, tm_min=3, tm_sec=27, tm_wday=3, tm_yday=98, tm_isdst=0)
è·åæ ¼å¼åçæ¶é´
ä½ å¯ä»¥æ ¹æ®éæ±éååç§æ ¼å¼ï¼ä½æ¯æç®åçè·åå¯è¯»çæ¶é´æ¨¡å¼çå½æ°æ¯asctime():
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
import time
localtime = time.asctime( time.localtime(time.time()) )
print "æ¬å°æ¶é´ä¸º :", localtime
以ä¸å®ä¾è¾åºç»æï¼
æ¬å°æ¶é´ä¸º : Thu Apr 7 10:05:21 2016
æ ¼å¼åæ¥æ
æ们å¯ä»¥ä½¿ç¨ time 模åç strftime æ¹æ³æ¥æ ¼å¼åæ¥æï¼ï¼
time.strftime(format[, t])
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
import time
# æ ¼å¼åæ2016-03-20 11:45:39å½¢å¼
print time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", time.localtime())
# æ ¼å¼åæSat Mar 28 22:24:24 2016å½¢å¼
print time.strftime("%a %b %d %H:%M:%S %Y", time.localtime())
# å°æ ¼å¼å符串转æ¢ä¸ºæ¶é´æ³
a = "Sat Mar 28 22:24:24 2016"
print time.mktime(time.strptime(a,"%a %b %d %H:%M:%S %Y"))
以ä¸å®ä¾è¾åºç»æï¼
2016-04-07 10:25:09
Thu Apr 07 10:25:09 2016
1459175064.0
pythonä¸æ¶é´æ¥ææ ¼å¼å符å·ï¼
%y 两ä½æ°ç年份表示ï¼00-99ï¼
%Y åä½æ°ç年份表示ï¼000-9999ï¼
%m æ份ï¼01-12ï¼
%d æå
ä¸çä¸å¤©ï¼0-31ï¼
%H 24å°æ¶å¶å°æ¶æ°ï¼0-23ï¼
%I 12å°æ¶å¶å°æ¶æ°ï¼01-12ï¼
%M åéæ°ï¼00=59ï¼
%S ç§ï¼00-59ï¼
%a æ¬å°ç®åææå称
%A æ¬å°å®æ´ææå称
%b æ¬å°ç®åçæ份å称
%B æ¬å°å®æ´çæ份å称
%c æ¬å°ç¸åºçæ¥æ表示åæ¶é´è¡¨ç¤º
%j å¹´å
çä¸å¤©ï¼001-366ï¼
%p æ¬å°A.M.æP.M.çç价符
%U ä¸å¹´ä¸çæææ°ï¼00-53ï¼ææ天为ææçå¼å§
%w ææï¼0-6ï¼ï¼ææ天为ææçå¼å§
%W ä¸å¹´ä¸çæææ°ï¼00-53ï¼ææä¸ä¸ºææçå¼å§
%x æ¬å°ç¸åºçæ¥æ表示
%X æ¬å°ç¸åºçæ¶é´è¡¨ç¤º
%Z å½åæ¶åºçå称
%% %å·æ¬èº«
è·åæææ¥å
Calendar模åæå¾å¹¿æ³çæ¹æ³ç¨æ¥å¤çå¹´ååæåï¼ä¾å¦æå°ææçæåï¼
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
import calendar
cal = calendar.month(2016, 1)
print "以ä¸è¾åº2016å¹´1æ份çæ¥å:"
print cal;
以ä¸å®ä¾è¾åºç»æï¼
以ä¸è¾åº2016å¹´1æ份çæ¥å:
January 2016
Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su
1 2 3
4 5 6 7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15 16 17
18 19 20 21 22 23 24
25 26 27 28 29 30 31
Time 模å
Time 模åå
å«äºä»¥ä¸å
ç½®å½æ°ï¼æ¢ææ¶é´å¤çç¸çï¼ä¹æ转æ¢æ¶é´æ ¼å¼çï¼
åºå·
å½æ°åæè¿°
1 time.altzone
è¿åæ ¼æå¨æ²»è¥¿é¨çå¤ä»¤æ¶å°åºçå移ç§æ°ãå¦æ该å°åºå¨æ ¼æå¨æ²»ä¸é¨ä¼è¿åè´å¼ï¼å¦è¥¿æ¬§ï¼å
æ¬è±å½ï¼ã对å¤ä»¤æ¶å¯ç¨å°åºæè½ä½¿ç¨ã
2 time.asctime([tupletime])
æ¥åæ¶é´å
ç»å¹¶è¿åä¸ä¸ªå¯è¯»çå½¢å¼ä¸º"Tue Dec 11 18:07:14 2008"ï¼2008å¹´12æ11æ¥ å¨äº18æ¶07å14ç§ï¼ç24个å符çå符串ã
3 time.clock( )
ç¨ä»¥æµ®ç¹æ°è®¡ç®çç§æ°è¿åå½åçCPUæ¶é´ãç¨æ¥è¡¡éä¸åç¨åºçèæ¶ï¼æ¯time.time()æ´æç¨ã
4 time.ctime([secs])
ä½ç¨ç¸å½äºasctime(localtime(secs))ï¼æªç»åæ°ç¸å½äºasctime()
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æ¥æ¶æ¶é´è¾ï¼1970纪å
åç»è¿çæµ®ç¹ç§æ°ï¼å¹¶è¿åæ ¼æå¨æ²»å¤©ææ¶é´ä¸çæ¶é´å
ç»tã注ï¼t.tm_isdstå§ç»ä¸º0
6 time.localtime([secs])
æ¥æ¶æ¶é´è¾ï¼1970纪å
åç»è¿çæµ®ç¹ç§æ°ï¼å¹¶è¿åå½å°æ¶é´ä¸çæ¶é´å
ç»tï¼t.tm_isdstå¯å0æ1ï¼åå³äºå½å°å½æ¶æ¯ä¸æ¯å¤ä»¤æ¶ï¼ã
7 time.mktime(tupletime)
æ¥åæ¶é´å
ç»å¹¶è¿åæ¶é´è¾ï¼1970纪å
åç»è¿çæµ®ç¹ç§æ°ï¼ã
8 time.sleep(secs)
æ¨è¿è°ç¨çº¿ç¨çè¿è¡ï¼secsæç§æ°ã
9 time.strftime(fmt[,tupletime])
æ¥æ¶ä»¥æ¶é´å
ç»ï¼å¹¶è¿å以å¯è¯»å符串表示çå½å°æ¶é´ï¼æ ¼å¼ç±fmtå³å®ã
10 time.strptime(str,fmt='%a %b %d %H:%M:%S %Y')
æ ¹æ®fmtçæ ¼å¼æä¸ä¸ªæ¶é´å符串解æ为æ¶é´å
ç»ã
11 time.time( )
è¿åå½åæ¶é´çæ¶é´æ³ï¼1970纪å
åç»è¿çæµ®ç¹ç§æ°ï¼ã
12 time.tzset()
æ ¹æ®ç¯å¢åéTZéæ°åå§åæ¶é´ç¸å
³è®¾ç½®ã
Time模åå
å«äºä»¥ä¸2个é常éè¦çå±æ§ï¼
åºå·
å±æ§åæè¿°
1 time.timezone
å±æ§time.timezoneæ¯å½å°æ¶åºï¼æªå¯å¨å¤ä»¤æ¶ï¼è·ç¦»æ ¼æå¨æ²»çå移ç§æ°ï¼>0ï¼ç¾æ´²;<=0大é¨å欧洲ï¼äºæ´²ï¼éæ´²ï¼ã
2 time.tzname
å±æ§time.tznameå
å«ä¸å¯¹æ ¹æ®æ
åµçä¸åèä¸åçå符串ï¼åå«æ¯å¸¦å¤ä»¤æ¶çæ¬å°æ¶åºå称ï¼åä¸å¸¦çã
æ¥åï¼Calendarï¼æ¨¡å
æ¤æ¨¡åçå½æ°é½æ¯æ¥åç¸å
³çï¼ä¾å¦æå°ææçå符æåã
ææä¸æ¯é»è®¤çæ¯å¨ç¬¬ä¸å¤©ï¼ææ天æ¯é»è®¤çæåä¸å¤©ãæ´æ¹è®¾ç½®éè°ç¨calendar.setfirstweekday()å½æ°ã模åå
å«äºä»¥ä¸å
ç½®å½æ°ï¼
åºå·
å½æ°åæè¿°
1 calendar.calendar(year,w=2,l=1,c=6)
è¿åä¸ä¸ªå¤è¡åç¬¦ä¸²æ ¼å¼çyearå¹´å¹´åï¼3个æä¸è¡ï¼é´éè·ç¦»ä¸ºcã æ¯æ¥å®½åº¦é´é为wå符ãæ¯è¡é¿åº¦ä¸º21* W+18+2* Cãlæ¯æ¯ææè¡æ°ã
2 calendar.firstweekday( )
è¿åå½åæ¯å¨èµ·å§æ¥æç设置ãé»è®¤æ
åµä¸ï¼é¦æ¬¡è½½å
¥caendar模åæ¶è¿å0ï¼å³ææä¸ã
3 calendar.isleap(year)
æ¯é°å¹´è¿åTrueï¼å¦å为falseã
4 calendar.leapdays(y1,y2)
è¿åå¨Y1ï¼Y2两年ä¹é´çé°å¹´æ»æ°ã
5 calendar.month(year,month,w=2,l=1)
è¿åä¸ä¸ªå¤è¡åç¬¦ä¸²æ ¼å¼çyearå¹´monthææ¥åï¼ä¸¤è¡æ é¢ï¼ä¸å¨ä¸è¡ãæ¯æ¥å®½åº¦é´é为wå符ãæ¯è¡çé¿åº¦ä¸º7* w+6ãlæ¯æ¯ææçè¡æ°ã
6 calendar.monthcalendar(year,month)
è¿åä¸ä¸ªæ´æ°çåå±åµå¥å表ãæ¯ä¸ªåå表è£
载代表ä¸ä¸ªææçæ´æ°ãYearå¹´monthæå¤çæ¥æé½è®¾ä¸º0;èå´å
çæ¥åé½ç±è¯¥æ第å æ¥è¡¨ç¤ºï¼ä»1å¼å§ã
7 calendar.monthrange(year,month)
è¿å两个æ´æ°ã第ä¸ä¸ªæ¯è¯¥æçææå çæ¥æç ï¼ç¬¬äºä¸ªæ¯è¯¥æçæ¥æç ãæ¥ä»0ï¼ææä¸ï¼å°6ï¼æææ¥ï¼;æä»1å°12ã
8 calendar.prcal(year,w=2,l=1,c=6)
ç¸å½äº print calendar.calendar(year,w,l,c).
9 calendar.prmonth(year,month,w=2,l=1)
ç¸å½äº print calendar.calendarï¼yearï¼wï¼lï¼cï¼ã
10 calendar.setfirstweekday(weekday)
设置æ¯å¨çèµ·å§æ¥æç ã0ï¼ææä¸ï¼å°6ï¼æææ¥ï¼ã
11 calendar.timegm(tupletime)
åtime.gmtimeç¸åï¼æ¥åä¸ä¸ªæ¶é´å
ç»å½¢å¼ï¼è¿å该æ¶å»çæ¶é´è¾ï¼1970纪å
åç»è¿çæµ®ç¹ç§æ°ï¼ã
12 calendar.weekday(year,month,day)
è¿åç»å®æ¥æçæ¥æç ã0ï¼ææä¸ï¼å°6ï¼æææ¥ï¼ãæ份为 1ï¼ä¸æï¼ å° 12ï¼12æï¼ã
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