谁能帮我把这个翻译成英文 谢谢了
不要在线翻译的 要好点的 谢谢了 ！！急用
城市的发展离不开水。20世纪末，在我国加速城市化的进程中，由“水灾害加剧、水资源紧缺、水环境恶化”所构成的水的危机已露端倪，并呈加重趋势。21世纪中, 水的危机必将成为困扰我国社会经济持续发展的重要制约因素。无论水多、水少、水脏，在水的高风险中谋求城乡社会、经济、资源与环境的协调发展，已经成为我国城市管理者和决策者不可回避的大问题。
城市水问题是社会经济发展的产物。发达国家在各自经济的高速发展阶段都曾不同程度地遭遇过这一问题,并为之付出了沉重的代价和巨额的治理费用。我国在城市化进程中水的危机带来的困难与挑战将更多更复杂。如果说,过去20年里,在我国城市人口比例上升10个百分点的情况下,为了解决城市的水问题,在相当程度上是以牺牲农村、牺牲环境为代价的话,那么,在今后 20年里,我国城市人口比例再上升20个百分点, 传统“有效”的办法何以为继？把握好城市水利的基本特点和发展方向，对于城市的管理者和决策者来说，也是把握城市兴衰存亡的大事情。
1.城市水利面临问题的长期性与复杂性。
城市水问题的产生，是自然与社会因素交互作用的结果。每一座城市所处的地理环境不同，城市规模、结构、功能、政治经济地位以及城市发展阶段不同等等，决定了各个城市所面临的水问题的明显差异。在城市发展过程中，一方面水资源合理配置、水环境保护治理与水灾害防御控制的要求不断提高，另一方面多数城市由于对具有公益性质的城市水利基础研究不够，投入不足，社会上大量存在的过分追求局部与眼前利益的短期行为等还在使矛盾不断激化。从基本国情出发，我国绝大多数城市尚不具备短期内以高投入克服城市化进程中水危机的实力。因此，城市水利的发展是长期而艰巨的任务，不是抓好几个“形象工程”就可以解决问题的。对既是资源、又是环境要素、也是致灾因子的水来说，必须要统筹规划、综合治理，将发展与治理密切结合起来，将水资源的合理配置、水灾害防御与水环境治理一起纳入城市发展规划，建立相对稳定的、与城市经济发展按比例同步增长的投入机制，同时加强法制教育，尽力遏制城市发展引起水灾害与水污染风险加重的趋势。
2.城市水利统筹规划的超前性。
城市水问题是发展中的问题。因此城市水利在规划阶段就必须要考虑如何应对城市发展中水问题的演变趋向，如何满足城市未来发展的治水需求。目前国内城市水利规划的一个重要问题是基础研究不够、预测手段不足，规划的依据往往是过去的不完整的资料，使得规划本身的合理性就缺乏保证，难以摆脱“头疼医头、脚疼医脚”的窘境。合理进行城市水利统筹规划的依据必须建立在科学预测的基础之上。近年来，中国水利水电科学研究院灾害与环境研究中心开发研制的城市洪涝灾害仿真技术已经先后应用于海口、深圳、广州、上海、天津、沈阳、哈尔滨等城市，并不断发展完善，进入了实用化的阶段。同时，城市水利信息管理与决策支持系统的建设也需要大力加强。
3.城市水利实施对策的综合性。
城市区域综合治水包括两重含义。首先，治水措施的目标是综合性的。城市水源的保护、供排水系统的建设、城市河道湖泊的整治、城市污水处理与废水资源的重复利用、城市防洪体系建设与城市环境改善的结合等等，在解决水多、水少、水脏的问题上，总是你中有我，我中有你。单一目标的措施，往往是既不经济，也不合理。其次，治水手段是综合性的。不仅需要形成完整配套的工程体系，而且需要将工程措施与非工程措施相结合。只有综合运用工程、法律、行政、经济、教育、技术等手段，才可能达到城市水利的发展目的。例如随意往城市河道倾倒垃圾的恶习，污染水源、破坏环境、有碍行洪排涝，可是这种现象至今即使在上海这样的大城市中也屡见不鲜。因此，城市水利建设中，工程措施需要研究与投入，管理措施也同样需要研究与投入。
Urban water problem is a product of socio-economic development. Developed countries in their stage of rapid economic development to varying degrees, have experienced this problem, and it paid a heavy price and the huge cost of governance. China's urbanization process in the water crisis will be more difficult and more complex challenges. If we say that the past 20 years, the proportion of urban population in China increased by 10 percentage points of the circumstances, in order to solve the city's water problems, to a certain extent at the expense of rural areas, the expense of the environment, then in the next 20 years , the proportion of China's urban population increased by 20 percentage points, the traditional "effective" approach for the following why? A good grasp of the basic characteristics of urban water resources and the development direction for the city managers and policy-makers, is to grasp the rise and fall of the big city things.
1. Urban water problems faced by the long-term nature and complexity.
Urban water problems, and social factors is a natural result of the interaction. Each city a different geographical location, city size, structure, functions, political and economic status as well as at different stages of urban development and so on, determined that cities are facing significant difference in water issues. In the urban development process, on the one hand, the rational allocation of water resources, water, environmental governance and control of water disasters, defense continually increasing demands on the other hand, most cities have a public good because of the nature of basic research in the city water is not enough investment is not adequate, a large number of community excessive pursuit of the existence of local and immediate interests, such as the short-term behavior is still ongoing intensification of contradictions. From the basic national conditions, the vast majority of cities in China do not have the short term to overcome the high input to the process of urbanization in the strength of the water crisis. Therefore, the development of urban water resources is a long-term and arduous task, not do a good job of several "image projects" will be able to solve the problem. Of both resources and environmental factors, but also the water hazard, the need to co-ordinate planning, comprehensive management, development and governance will be closely linked to the rational allocation of water resources, water, disaster management, together with the water environment into the urban development planning, the establishment of a relatively stable, with the city's economic development by a simultaneous increase in the proportion of the input mechanism, while strengthening the rule of law education, to contain urban development and water pollution caused by water disasters increase the risk of the trend.
2. Urban water planning advanced.
The problem is the development of urban water problems. So at the planning stage of urban water resources have to consider how to deal with the issue of urban development in the evolution of trends in water, how to meet the future development of urban water demand. At present, urban water planning is an important issue in basic research is not enough means to less than forecast, planning is often based on past data is incomplete, making the planning of their own lack of reasonable assurance, it is difficult to shake off "the first headache medicine, medical脚疼feet "dilemma. Urban water and reasonable basis for planning must be based on the basis of scientific forecasts. In recent years, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research Center for Disaster and Environment Research and Development of the urban flood simulation technology has been used in Haikou, Shenzhen, Guangzhou, Shanghai, Tianjin, Shenyang, Harbin and other cities, and the continuous development of improved access to the the stage of practical use. At the same time, urban water management and decision support information systems also need to strengthen.
