The Nanjing Massacre refers to the six-week organized, planned, premeditated massacres and rapes, arson and robbery carried out by Japanese invaders in Nanjing and its vicinity during the period 1931-1945 during the Chinese War of Resistance Against Japan.
After the defeat of the Republic of China in the Nanjing Defence War and the fall of the capital Nanjing on December 13, 1937, under the command of Shigen Matsui, the commander of the Central China Army, and Shoufu Changgu, the 6th Division. Bloody atrocities.
In the Nanjing Massacre, a large number of civilians and prisoners of war were killed by the Japanese army, and countless families were fragmented. More than 300,000 people were killed in the Nanjing Massacre.
中文翻译：
南京大屠杀指1931至1945年中国抗日战争期间，中华民国在南京保卫战中失利、首都南京于1937年12月13日沦陷后，在华中派遣军司令松井石根和第6师团长谷寿夫指挥下，侵华日军于南京及附近地区进行长达6周的有组织、有计划、有预谋的大屠杀和奸淫、放火、抢劫等血腥暴行。
在南京大屠杀中，大量平民及战俘被日军杀害，无数家庭支离破碎，南京大屠杀的遇难人数超过30万。
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第1个回答 2006-12-17
good on you!
The Nanking massacre, commonly known as "The Rape of Nanking", is an infamous war crime committed by the Japanese military carried out by Japanese troops in and around Nanjing (also known in English as Nanking), China, after it fell to the Imperial Japanese Army on December 13, 1937. The duration of the massacre is not clearly defined, although the period of carnage lasted well into the next six weeks, until early February 1938.
During the occupation of Nanjing, the Japanese army committed numerous atrocities, such as rape, looting, arson and the execution of prisoners of war and civilians. Although the executions began under the pretext of eliminating Chinese soldiers disguised as civilians, a large number of innocent men were wrongfully identified as enemy combatants and killed, or simply killed in any event as the massacre gathered momentum. A large number of women and children were also killed, as rape and murder became more widespread.
The extent of the atrocities is hotly debated between China and Japan, with numbers ranging from some Japanese claims of several hundred[citation needed], to the Chinese claim of a non-combatant death toll of 300,000. A number of Japanese researchers consider 100,000-200,000 be an approximate value[1]. Other nations usually believe the death toll to be between 150,000-300,000[citation needed]. This number was first promulgated in January of 1938 by Harold Timperly, a journalist in China during the Japanese invasion, based on reports from contemporary eyewitnesses. Many other sources, including Iris Chang's commercially-successful The Rape of Nanking, also promote 300,000 as the death toll.
In addition to the number of victims, a few extreme nationalists have even disputed whether or not the atrocity happened. Whilst the Japanese government has acknowledged such an incident did occur, the extremists presented their case starting with the Japanese army's claims at the International Military Tribunal for the Far East that the death toll was military in nature and that no such civilian atrocities ever occurred. However, an overwhelming amount of evidence contradicts this. The existence of such an atrocity has been repeatedly confirmed by statements of Westerners at the International Military Tribunal for the Far East as well as eyewitnesses then today, who had personally witnessed civilians being murdered and women raped by Japanese soldiers. There is also an extensive collection of photographic records of mutilated bodies of Chinese women and children. Recent archaeological findings further support the existence of this massacre having taken place.
The massacre is a major focal point of burgeoning Chinese nationalism, and in China, opinions are relatively homogenous[citation needed]. In Japan, however, public opinion over the severity of the massacre remains widely divided - this is evidenced by the fact that whereas some Japanese commentators refer to it as the 'Nanking massacre' (南京大虐杀, Nankin daigyakusatsu), others use the more ambivalent 'Nanking incident' (南京事件, Nankin jiken). The event continues to be a point of contention and controversy in Sino-Japanese relations.
Surprisingly, Nanking Massacre was largely unknown to general public in western world until the publish of a documentary book, The Rape of Nanking (book) by Iris Chang in 1997. Most Chinese scholars believe USA is part of the reason because of the political and military alliance between USA and Japan after World War II and the hostility between USA and China.
The Nanking massacre, commonly known as "The Rape of Nanking", is an infamous war crime committed by the Japanese military carried out by Japanese troops in and around Nanjing (also known in English as Nanking), China, after it fell to the Imperial Japanese Army on December 13, 1937. The duration of the massacre is not clearly defined, although the period of carnage lasted well into the next six weeks, until early February 1938.
During the occupation of Nanjing, the Japanese army committed numerous atrocities, such as rape, looting, arson and the execution of prisoners of war and civilians. Although the executions began under the pretext of eliminating Chinese soldiers disguised as civilians, a large number of innocent men were wrongfully identified as enemy combatants and killed, or simply killed in any event as the massacre gathered momentum. A large number of women and children were also killed, as rape and murder became more widespread.
The extent of the atrocities is hotly debated between China and Japan, with numbers ranging from some Japanese claims of several hundred[citation needed], to the Chinese claim of a non-combatant death toll of 300,000. A number of Japanese researchers consider 100,000-200,000 be an approximate value[1]. Other nations usually believe the death toll to be between 150,000-300,000[citation needed]. This number was first promulgated in January of 1938 by Harold Timperly, a journalist in China during the Japanese invasion, based on reports from contemporary eyewitnesses. Many other sources, including Iris Chang's commercially-successful The Rape of Nanking, also promote 300,000 as the death toll.
In addition to the number of victims, a few extreme nationalists have even disputed whether or not the atrocity happened. Whilst the Japanese government has acknowledged such an incident did occur, the extremists presented their case starting with the Japanese army's claims at the International Military Tribunal for the Far East that the death toll was military in nature and that no such civilian atrocities ever occurred. However, an overwhelming amount of evidence contradicts this. The existence of such an atrocity has been repeatedly confirmed by statements of Westerners at the International Military Tribunal for the Far East as well as eyewitnesses then today, who had personally witnessed civilians being murdered and women raped by Japanese soldiers. There is also an extensive collection of photographic records of mutilated bodies of Chinese women and children. Recent archaeological findings further support the existence of this massacre having taken place.
The massacre is a major focal point of burgeoning Chinese nationalism, and in China, opinions are relatively homogenous[citation needed]. In Japan, however, public opinion over the severity of the massacre remains widely divided - this is evidenced by the fact that whereas some Japanese commentators refer to it as the 'Nanking massacre' (南京大虐杀, Nankin daigyakusatsu), others use the more ambivalent 'Nanking incident' (南京事件, Nankin jiken). The event continues to be a point of contention and controversy in Sino-Japanese relations.
Surprisingly, Nanking Massacre was largely unknown to general public in western world until the publish of a documentary book, The Rape of Nanking (book) by Iris Chang in 1997. Most Chinese scholars believe USA is part of the reason because of the political and military alliance between USA and Japan after World War II and the hostility between USA and China.
第2个回答 2006-12-17
第3个回答 2020-02-20
勿忘国耻勿忘南京大屠杀，奋发图强我们中国人要强大自己，自己强大才不会被欺负的，杀光日本人报仇血恨血债血偿的我们中国14亿人早晚会报复的报仇的，不是天报应就是人报应
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