记叙文，议论文，散文，杂文，小说，戏剧，诗歌
一堆了。
建议你到北大中文论坛上看看，从百度搜索吧
那里有很多有用的东西，很全的。
一堆了。
建议你到北大中文论坛上看看，从百度搜索吧
那里有很多有用的东西，很全的。
温馨提示：内容为网友见解，仅供参考
第1个回答 2006-09-24
小说、戏剧、散文、诗歌
第2个回答 2006-09-24
记叙文、描写文、说明文、议论文是写作的四种基本文体，四种文体的侧重点各不相同，在此做一简单介绍：
记叙文： 要求叙述事件的过程、人物的经历、时间、地点、人物、事件、原因、结果是其六个要素。
描写文：要求描写人物外貌特征、情感反应、心理活动以及外部环境等。描写需按一定的顺序，如空间顺序等。
说明文：要求对客观事物的性质、结构、形成进行解释说明，往往采用下定义、举例说明、分类说明、比较等方法。
议论文： 要求论述事理、发表意见。一般具备论点、论据和论证三要素，需要作者明确表达自己的观点，然后以充足的论据来证明观点，议论文需有较强的逻辑性。
当然，在实际的写作中，这几种文体常常会结合着出现，比如写议论文时可能需要描写、记述或说明，以此来加强表达效果。事实上，02年的高考题是要求根据图片写自己的看法，那么就需要既有描写又有议论。03年的高考题是要求写信给朋友表达自己的看法提出自己的建议，按照题意需要先交代背景材料，再提看法和建议，因此就需要说明和议论。
在写作时，首先需认真分析题目要求，明确以什么文体为主、什么文体为辅。03年全国卷的题目是看图描写一套住房，那么根据题意可知需以描写为主。而前两年的题目似乎以议论文为多。下面我们介绍一下议论文的基本组成部分：
议论文往往由opening paragraph, body 和concluding paragraph 构成，其中的opening paragraph引入问题，以thesis statement 确定全文的主题。
Body 是全文的主体部分，对opening paragraph提出的观点论证明，concluding paragraph 可以总结归纳全文的中心思想，提出问题的解决方法，提出建议。以下是一篇范文，供大家参考：
Television has become one of the essentials in our life. It has greatly changed our life.
Television has been a vast improvement over previous ways of transmitting information. It provides an excellent medium for disseminating information: educational programs reach many people at one time and it is possible for them to learn much through such shows；news also reaches more people much more efficiently than it used to.
However, spending too much time in front of the television can ultimately prove harmful. It can damage your eyesight and suppress your ability to think creatively, and therefore, parents should be particularly careful with the number of hours they allow their children to watch television. Forbidding children from watching television will only make them want to watch more, but by scheduling other activities for their children, parents can ensure that children benefit from television's attributes, without being harmed by its disadvantages.
In short, television has provided us the chance to know more about the world without leaving our homes. But what to watch and how long to watch will be a question people should consider.
写作是一项综合技能，要求学生对词汇、语法、结构、修辞等方面有较为全面牢固的知识。写作又是一项创造性技能，要求学生有着扎实的基本功和丰富的文化知识。积硅步而行万里，厚积而薄发。本回答被提问者采纳
记叙文： 要求叙述事件的过程、人物的经历、时间、地点、人物、事件、原因、结果是其六个要素。
描写文：要求描写人物外貌特征、情感反应、心理活动以及外部环境等。描写需按一定的顺序，如空间顺序等。
说明文：要求对客观事物的性质、结构、形成进行解释说明，往往采用下定义、举例说明、分类说明、比较等方法。
议论文： 要求论述事理、发表意见。一般具备论点、论据和论证三要素，需要作者明确表达自己的观点，然后以充足的论据来证明观点，议论文需有较强的逻辑性。
当然，在实际的写作中，这几种文体常常会结合着出现，比如写议论文时可能需要描写、记述或说明，以此来加强表达效果。事实上，02年的高考题是要求根据图片写自己的看法，那么就需要既有描写又有议论。03年的高考题是要求写信给朋友表达自己的看法提出自己的建议，按照题意需要先交代背景材料，再提看法和建议，因此就需要说明和议论。
在写作时，首先需认真分析题目要求，明确以什么文体为主、什么文体为辅。03年全国卷的题目是看图描写一套住房，那么根据题意可知需以描写为主。而前两年的题目似乎以议论文为多。下面我们介绍一下议论文的基本组成部分：
议论文往往由opening paragraph, body 和concluding paragraph 构成，其中的opening paragraph引入问题，以thesis statement 确定全文的主题。
Body 是全文的主体部分，对opening paragraph提出的观点论证明，concluding paragraph 可以总结归纳全文的中心思想，提出问题的解决方法，提出建议。以下是一篇范文，供大家参考：
Television has become one of the essentials in our life. It has greatly changed our life.
Television has been a vast improvement over previous ways of transmitting information. It provides an excellent medium for disseminating information: educational programs reach many people at one time and it is possible for them to learn much through such shows；news also reaches more people much more efficiently than it used to.
However, spending too much time in front of the television can ultimately prove harmful. It can damage your eyesight and suppress your ability to think creatively, and therefore, parents should be particularly careful with the number of hours they allow their children to watch television. Forbidding children from watching television will only make them want to watch more, but by scheduling other activities for their children, parents can ensure that children benefit from television's attributes, without being harmed by its disadvantages.
In short, television has provided us the chance to know more about the world without leaving our homes. But what to watch and how long to watch will be a question people should consider.
写作是一项综合技能，要求学生对词汇、语法、结构、修辞等方面有较为全面牢固的知识。写作又是一项创造性技能，要求学生有着扎实的基本功和丰富的文化知识。积硅步而行万里，厚积而薄发。本回答被提问者采纳
相似回答
