贝多芬的资料?

尽量多,最好先发一个中文的,再翻译成英文的,谢谢!

贝多芬相关资料一七八七年四月,一位年青人前往维也纳拜见当时的大音乐家莫札特。此人其貌不扬,短小精明,在莫札特面前大展钢琴身手,连被誉称神童的莫札特亦为之惊叹。立即向在场的朋友说:“此年青人必为乐坛掀起狂澜。” 莫札特的预言不到十年立即应验,此人正是鼎鼎大名的贝多芬。

贝多芬一七七零年十二月十六日出生於德国科隆附近莱茵河畔的波昂。他的父亲约翰庸庸碌碌,嗜酒如命,童年时代贝多芬毫无幸福可言。

~惨遭鞭笞的童年声声疼~

他的父亲希望儿子成为第二个神童,以便*他享受荣华富贵,所以强迫他学习钢琴,稍有不遂,即遭毒打。就在这样凄惨痛苦命运下,贝多芬渡过了童年。 贝多芬天赋过人,再加上后天刻苦的磨练,程度愈来愈高,连他的老师都自叹弗如。

十二岁时贝多芬受聘为宫廷古钢琴与风琴乐师,也负起了养家责任。在宫廷中贝多芬遂渐受到重视,但他心怀远大,在一七八七年远赴维也纳投拜莫札特。但很不幸,他的母亲在波昂病危,回家不久,母亲就去世了。这对贝多芬打击甚大,他又在波昂待了五年。

为了实现理想,贝多芬於一七九二年再度前往维也纳。此次华德斯坦伯爵援助甚多,为了报答,贝多芬日后写出了钢琴奏鸣曲作品五十三献给了华德斯坦。

到了维也纳,贝多芬受教於海顿门下一年,又向申克、阿布雷兹贝格与萨里耶里等名师求教,尤其是后者,他学了有十年之久。

~挣脱束缚 追求自由~

一七九五年贝多芬在维也纳举行了第一次音乐会,当时他亲自弹奏自己写作的「第二号钢琴协奏曲」维也纳市民为之折服,他也因此名闻遐迩。

他的「第一号交响曲」是后来才作的,同年他又出版了三首钢琴三重奏贝多芬也奠定演奏者与作曲家的双重声誉。

此后五年,他又写作了第一号到第十一号钢琴奏鸣曲。以及第一号到第三号钢琴协奏曲。一七九九年贝多芬又完成了「第一号交响曲」。他凭著神奇的想像力,接连写作了震惊乐坛的名作。在这些作品中,弥漫著生命的欢愉与热情,而且表现了空前的自由意境,突破了连莫札特都束缚的严格形式。

贝多芬在一帆风顺之际,声名如日中天,然而不幸的命运降临到他身上——他有了耳聋的疾病。

~听不见声音的巨人~

这是很残酷的打击,为了怕人发觉他耳聋,贝多芬逐渐离群索居,自己变得愈来愈孤僻。

而在此时,他与一名十七岁少女朱丽叶塔.古奇阿帝相恋。著名的十四号钢琴奏鸣曲「月光」就是他们相恋的作品。

一八零二年贝多芬迁到离维也纳车程一小时的海利金宁静村庄作曲,他在那里完成了第二号交响曲。但耳疾恶化使他痛苦万分,因而他写下了海利根施塔特遗书,陈述悲惨遭遇与不幸。后来贝多芬又因康德的哲学观重建信心。「要忘掉自己的不幸,最好的方法就是埋头苦干」。此时他回到维也纳,乐思泉涌,一八零三年写出了雷霆万钧的第三号「英雄」交响曲。此曲原想献给拿破仑,但因拿破仑加冕称帝,贝多芬愤而涂掉拿破仑的名字,改称为「英雄交响曲」。

同年,贝多芬又写作了极出色的第九号小提琴奏鸣曲「克罗采」。一八零四年完成第二十一号钢琴奏鸣曲「华德斯坦」。隔年又接著完成第二十三号钢琴奏鸣曲「热情」与独一无二的歌剧「费黛里欧」。在这一连串作品中他表现出真正的功力,如「华德斯坦」与「热情」使世人如痴如醉。一八零六年他又作出「第四号钢琴协奏曲」和「D大调小提琴协奏曲」。

一八零八年贝多芬同时发表了第五号交响曲「命运」与第六号交响曲「田园」。一八零九年完成第五钢琴协奏曲「皇帝」。这些全是永垂不朽的杰作。

~藏著热情的火山~

贝多芬的内心蕴藏著无穷的感情,细腻、超凡、和谐、十全十美。贝多芬有意将自己的意念放在曲子中。如第五号「命运」,一开始的主题动机就是命运之神用力敲门,第六号「田园」更可察觉出贝多芬有意对大自然的描绘第一乐章他即标明了「令人心旷神怡的乡间」字眼。

一八零九年拿破仑攻占维也纳,王子公孙纷纷逃难,贝多芬经济陷入困境。在战火弥漫的日子里,他依然留在维也纳,苦心创作,他的「皇帝」协奏曲就是在隆隆炮声中写出的。

由於「命运」与「田园」首次演奏并未获得维也纳人民的青睐,贝多芬有心离去前往德国,但因鲁道夫公爵、罗伯高维兹王子与金斯基公爵三人极力挽留,他才留下。日后,贝多芬写作「大公钢琴三重奏」题献给这些恩人。

~乐声飞入平常百姓家~

自法国革命后欧洲空气为之一新,个人自由与人权因而确定。贝多芬亦把音乐平民化了,将音乐从贵族中带入全民化。贝多芬的成就,功垂百世。

拿破仑兵败,维也纳又恢复欢乐的气氛。一八一二年贝多芬在伤兵救济音乐会上首演「第七号交响曲」与「第八号交响曲」,非常轰动。他又博得维也纳人民的尊敬。

贝多芬从一八零四年到一八一四年之间,肉体蒙受失聪的惨境,但在这十一年的岁月里,他的创作丰富,历史价值史无前例。他写出了人类音乐宝藏中光芒万丈的珍品。

他的「第七号交响曲」没有标题,华格纳认为这首曲子是舞蹈的象徵,尤其是热情奔放的终乐章。「第八号交响曲」是他九大交响曲中最明朗、最爽快的曲子,以达观而超然的态度浏览人生。

贝多芬的第三段人生起自一八一五年。那时他已届壮年对人生有更透彻的领悟,此后写作的音乐,除了震古铄今的第九号交响曲「合唱」和「庄严弥撒曲」外,全是钢琴奏鸣曲和弦乐四重奏曲,这全是有内在的与深邃的精神意境。

~乐圣不擅人间事~

由於弟弟卡尔一八一四年去世,贝多芬又负起了监护养育侄儿的责任。但领养过程与事后侄儿给他带来的问题让他吃了不少苦头。总之他无法将爱心转移到他侄儿身上。贝多芬对与人如何相处的道理完全崩溃。

乐圣贝多芬变得更加消沈,同时身体状况更加严重,经济十分拮据。那时他正全力创作两大作品--「庄严弥撒曲」和「第九交响曲」。尤其前曲是为了鲁道夫被任命为大主教登基典礼时演奏的使用。正因责任重大,他花了约五年的时光,在一八二三年完成。隔年五月七日他的「第九号交响曲」首演,将他的声望又推到新顶点。

「第九号交响曲」的「快乐颂」合唱是采自席勒的诗「快乐颂」。他早年就有此念头,经过了三十二年终於达成心愿。「第九号交响曲」的成功为他带来了一生最大的荣耀与欢欣。

「第九号交响曲」预演时贝多芬亲自指挥,但因耳聋无法进行,秩序大乱,因此正式公演时由乌姆劳夫指挥。 贝多芬仍在舞台上背对听众指导。当全曲演奏甫毕,听众深受感动,高声欢呼,掌声如雷,但贝多芬毫无知觉,还是经过演出者的提醒,他才看到了感人的场面,含泪答礼。

这是贝多芬最后一次公开露面,他在不知不觉下患了肝病,时日就度过在病情益渐严重的日子里。他那即将远离尘世的心灵,反而趋於宁静。这时贝多芬好像在稀薄,纯净的高空中,俯视自己即将抛开的世界。写作了五首最后的弦乐四重奏曲。这些室内乐是他最后的作品,也是贝多芬留给世人的遗嘱。对万世证明精神可以克服痛苦,甚至可以克服死亡。

~最后的春雷响起了~

贝多芬的余生已经不多,单是一八二六年就动了四次手术,但病情未见好转。一八二七年三月二十六日下午,维也纳突然下了一场大风雪,伴著震耳欲聋的春雷,此时贝多芬握紧右拳,咽下了最后一口气。

根据古老的记录,贝多芬的葬礼在三月二十九日举行,约有两万名以上的维也纳市民参加护送到举行追悼弥撒的雅瑟尔教堂......
Beethoven relevant information in April 1787, the young people who went to Vienna to pay his respects to the great musician Mozart. This person local farm laborers said admiringly, dapper and smart, and accomplishments in the face of Mozart piano market, the company has been hailed a child prodigy Mozart also 之 exclaimed. Immediately told a friend : "This music for young people will set off the stage. "Mozart immediately confirm the predicted less than a decade. This person is famous Beethoven. Beethoven was born December 16, 1770 near the Rhine River in Cologne, Germany, Bonn. His father, John aligned with regard to eligibility, such as fancy life, Beethoven no childhood to speak of happiness. ~ ~ Brutally whipping childhood music to love his father hoped that his son would become a second child prodigy, he enjoyed great fortune and wealth to *, Therefore, forcing him to learn the piano, a little after 10 years, was beaten. And it is in this miserable fate pain, Beethoven through childhood. Beethoven's natural home, coupled with the rigors of acquired hard, getting the degree, even his teachers are equal. At the age of 12 Beethoven piano and the organ employed as a court musician, but also take the responsibility to support their families. Beethoven was in the palace were gradually attention, but he believes far in 1787 thanks to Mozart went to Vienna vote. It is very unfortunate that his mother was dying in Bonn to return home soon, the mother had died. This deals a heavy blow to Beethoven, he stayed five years in Bonn. To achieve this, go back to Beethoven in Vienna in 1792. China's assistance to a lot of Count D'Estaing to repay. Beethoven's Piano Sonata Op 53, dedicated to the future of the write-D'Estaing. To the Vienna, Haydn and Beethoven educated on the subglottic year, also reiterated Croatia, Apure Cibeige teachers and others with Saliye neighborhoods, especially the latter, he studied there for 10 years. Break away from the shackles of the pursuit of freedom ~ ~ Beethoven in Vienna in 1795, held its first concert He personally writing his play "Piano Concerto No. 2" Vienna feel admiration. thus he installment. His "Symphony No. 1" is the later, That same year, he also published a three Beethoven piano trio also laid the double image of the performer and composer. After five years, he also writing the Piano Sonata No. 1 to No. 11. And the Piano Concerto No. 1 to No. 3. Beethoven again in 1799 to complete the "Symphony No. 1." With his fantastic imagination, has shocked the music writing works. In these works, filled with the joy of life with enthusiasm, but also an unprecedented freedom of mind, Even Mozart had broken the shackles of the strict form. Beethoven occasion in a smooth sailing, winning the zenith However, unfortunately, the fate has befallen him -- his deafness diseases. - To hear the voice of the Giants-This is a very cruel blow to fears that his deafness, Beethoven gradually believers, his increasingly eccentric. In that time, he and a 17-year-old girl Giulietta. Jia Dili ancient courtship. Piano Sonata on the 14th of the famous "Moonlight" is a courtship of their works. Beethoven moved to Vienna in 1802 from the Chungshan Institute of Science and the one-hour bus journey quiet village Composer where he completed a second symphony. But ear problems worsened his pain is intense, and so he wrote the Heiligenstadt testament, tragic and unfortunate statement. Later Beethoven rebuild confidence because of Kant's philosophy. "We should forget their misfortune, and the best way is to work hard." At this time he returned to Vienna, Crawshaw Spring, in 1803 the Thundering Third write "Heroes" Symphony. The song originally dedicated to Napoleon, but Napoleon coronation control, Beethoven angrily to obliterate the name of Napoleon, referred to as the "heroic symphony." The same year, the excellent writing another Beethoven Violin Sonata No. 9 "Croatia adopted." Piano Sonata No. 21 in 1804 to complete the "China D'Estaing." After 23 years at the completion of the Piano Sonata "enthusiasm" with a unique opera "fees Wanda Lane Europe." In this series of works in which he showed real skill, "D'Estaing China" with "warm" so obsessed with the world. In 1806 he made "Piano Concerto No. 4" and "Violin Concerto in D major." Also published in 1808 by Beethoven Symphony No. 5 "Fate" and Symphony No. 6 "Pastoral." Piano Concerto No. 5 in 1809 to complete the "Emperor." These are all 1840 masterpiece. ~ ~ Volcano Beethoven harbors warm feelings in the hearts and there are infinite, delicate terrific harmony, perfect. Beethoven piece that China intends to put his ideas. If No. 5 "Fate", at the beginning motives, the god of destiny is forced to knock on the door No. 6 "Pastoral" more detectable out Beethoven intended to describe the first part of his nature that is marked "soothing countryside" word. Napoleon occupied Vienna in 1809, Prince mad flee and Beethoven's economic predicament. Amid the day in the war, he remained in Vienna, painstaking creation, He's "Emperor" Concerto is to write the rumble of artillery. Because the "fate" and "Pastoral" was first performed in Vienna is not the favored Beethoven who left for Germany, but Rudolph Duke. Rob Harrison High Chavez prince and retain the Duke trio strongly that he left. In future, Beethoven's writing "Piano Trio in the Grand Duchy" These dedicated benefactor. ~ ~ Music flying into ordinary people's homes for the air since one of the new Europe after the French Revolution, thus confirming the individual freedoms and human rights. Beethoven's music is also of the civilians, and bring the people of the aristocracy to music. Beethoven's achievements's vertical SHENPIX. Napoleon defeated Vienna, resumed the festive atmosphere. Beethoven making a relief concert debut in 1812 in "Symphony No. 7" and "Symphony No. 8." extraordinary circumstances. He also won the respect of the people of Vienna. Beethoven from between 1804 to 1814, suffered physical deafness defeat, but in this 11 years, He created the rich historical precedent. He wrote a musical treasures were resplendent mankind's treasures. His "Symphony No. 7" without a title, Wagner dance is a symbol of this piece, The final movement is particularly passionate. "Symphony No. 8" Symphony is the most uncertain Congress, the most straightforward song to achieve the concept of life and an attitude of detachment visit. Beethoven's life started in 1815 in the third paragraph. He was already a third of adults have a more thorough grasp of life, and then writing the music, In addition to this ancient melt Symphony No. 9 "Choral" and "Missa Solemnis", Piano Sonata String Quartet is music, this is an intrinsic and deep spiritual moods. Klosson not absent due to the world-things - brother Carl died in 1814, Beethoven's nephew also shoulder the responsibility of raising the guardianship. But after the adoption process and the problems brought about by his nephew to give him a lot of hardship. In short, he was unable to love to his nephew. Beethoven how to get along with the total collapse of truth. Van Beethoven became more depressed, more serious health and economic difficulty. When he is making every effort to create two works -- "Missa Solemnis" and "Symphony No. 9." Qu in particular to the former Archbishop Rodolfo coronation ceremony was appointed to the use of performance. It is a heavy responsibility, he spent about five years time and be completed in 1823. , May 7 at his "Symphony No. 9" premiere, he also pushed to a new peak of popularity. "Symphony No. 9" and "Ode to Joy" chorus is taken from Schiller's poem "Ode to Joy." He early on there was this idea that after 32 years, finally fulfilled. "Symphony No. 9" for the success he brought to life the greatest pride and joy. "Symphony No. 9" when the preview command Beethoven himself, but unable to deafness and chaotic. Therefore performed by the Umlauf formal command. Beethoven is back to the stage to guide the audience. When the whole song recital just completed, the audience was deeply moved and cheered, thundering applause, but no perceived Beethoven, After the performances or reminded that he only saw the moving scene, tearfully offered. This is Beethoven's last public appearance, he unknowingly under suffering from liver disease gradually in the interests of serious illness spent time on the day. He will stay away from the mundane world of mind, but more quiet. Then Beethoven seemed thin, pure height, overlooking the soon to cast aside the world. Writing last five string quartets first song. He is the last of these chamber works, but also given the world Beethoven wills. Proof of the eternal spirit can overcome suffering and even death can be overcome. ~ ~ Beethoven's final round of the Thunder has been limited for the rest of his life alone in 1826 and moved the operation four times, However, the disease has shown no improvement. At March 26, 1827 Vienna, suddenly a big snowstorm, accompanied by the deafening Thunder. At this time Beethoven enclasp Youquan, swallow the last breath. According to ancient records, in Beethoven's funeral was held on March 29. About 20,000 people participated in the Vienna escort to a memorial Mass at the Church ...... Jasseur
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第1个回答  2007-01-06
Beethoven

Beethoven was one of the greatest composers(作曲家) in the world. He was born in 1770 and died in 1827.

Even as a child Beethoven did not have a happy life. His father was a singer. But he was lazy and always drank a lot. When the boy was only four, his father decided to make him a musician. So Beethoven had to play hour after hour on different musical instruments(乐器). He learned so fast that he could go around and gave concerts when he was only 11. When he was 17, he won high praise from Mozart(赢得莫扎特的高度赞赏), a great Austrian(奥地利的) composer.

A few years later Beethoven went to Vienna to study under Haydn(海顿), another great Austrian composer. Soon he could write a lot of music himself. But he was often poor and ill during his life. After one illness, he suddenly found himself deaf(聋的). At that time he was only 31. But this did not stop Beethoven. He went on composing. The surprising thing is that he wrote some of his best, his most beautiful pieces such as Destiny(命运) after he became deaf.

音乐家贝多芬

路德维希·凡·贝多芬 (Ludwig van Beethoven, 1770.12.17.-1827.3.26.)
一七九二年,二十二岁的路德维希·凡·贝多芬从波恩来到维也纳,一直到他一八二七年逝世,他就从未离开过这座对音乐家特别有吸引力的城市。贝多芬的绝大部分作品是在这里创作的。他的九部交响曲全都在维也纳举行了首演式。一八零五年,他唯一的一部歌剧创作《费德里奥》也在维也纳的国家歌剧院举行了首演。贝多芬被后人认为是有史以来最伟大的交响曲作家。他的《英雄交响曲》充满了激情。他的第九部交响曲取材於德国诗人席勒的《欢乐颂》,如今已经成为欧盟的盟歌。
辉煌的创作并不能掩饰贝多芬多难的一生。一八零二年,贝多芬由於逐渐丧失听力,悲愤之余,写下了一封可能是给他兄弟的遗嘱。激情满腔的禀性迫使他频繁地搬家。他在维也纳市区北部有温泉的地方留下了几十处居所。但是温泉最终还是无法挽救他的失聪,一八一九年,贝多芬的听力彻底丧失了。一八二七年,人们在Waehringer Friedhof 魏林格墓地为他举行了隆重的葬礼。一八八八年,贝多芬的遗骨被安放到维也纳中央陵园。

造访音乐家贝多芬
贝多芬晚年频繁迁居,虽然留下了众多的故居,但是很多故居未能作为展览馆向游客开放。贝多芬当年喜欢居住在名叫海里根施塔特(Heiligenstadt)的地方,离市区很远,在市区的正北方。一八零二年,贝多芬居住这个城区,在这里创作了他第二部交响曲。同年十月,贝多芬在这里写下了《海里根施塔特遗嘱》,这是一封他写给两个兄弟的信,这封信并未寄出,如今仍然完好地被保存在这里。贝多芬的这处遗址如今被称作为「海里根施塔特遗嘱屋」,周二至周日向游客开放。
地址:Probusgasse 6, 1190 Wien

帕斯克瓦尔蒂楼房(Paqualitihaus)是贝多芬居住时间较长的一处住所。一八零四年至一八一五年间,贝多芬虽然数次离开这个居所,但是最后却又返回到此地。楼房的主人帕斯克瓦尔蒂是贝多芬的好朋友,每次贝多芬出走,他都吩咐佣人不要出租贝多芬的房间,因为“他总是会回来的”。在这里,贝多芬经历了创作的鼎盛期,他的第四、五、六部交响曲,第四钢琴协奏曲和歌剧《费德里奥》都是在这里创作的。

地址:Moelkerbastei 8, 1010 Wien

一八二七年,贝多芬去世时,众多的朋友和崇拜者前来吊唁。贝多芬被安葬在魏林格墓地(Waehringer Friedhof)。文学巨匠格里尔帕策曾经在悼词中说 “贝多芬把他的一切献给了众人,从他们那里却一无所获,於是他就远离了众人。”能够让贝多芬瞑目九泉的是,舒伯特一八二八年也被安葬在此,与他相伴。人们为了纪念舒伯特这位年轻的天才音乐家,在魏林格墓地的旁边修建了一座舒伯特花园(Schubertpark)。如今,这座魏林格大街上的舒伯特花园是众多游客流连的地方。
地址:W ringer Stra呈, 1180 Wien
一八八八年,两位音乐大师的棺木被一起移到中央陵园。如今,贝多芬被埋葬在中央陵园名人墓地32A的第29号墓穴中。
地址:Zentralfriedhof, Simmeringer Hauptstra呈 234, 1110 Wien

一八八零年,崇拜贝多芬的人们还为其建造了一座纪念碑。从此,这个地方更名为贝多芬广场。贝多芬塑像的周围围绕著九个小天使,象徵音乐大师不朽的九部交响曲。
地址:Beethovenplatz, 1010 Wien
第2个回答  2019-11-24
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