执行以下命令解压缩jdk
tar -zxvf hadoop-2.2.0-src.tar.gz
会生成一个文件夹 hadoop-2.2.0-src。源代码中有个bug，这里需要修改一下，编辑目录/usr/local/hadoop-2.2.0-src/hadoop-common-project/hadoop-auth中的文件pom.xml，执行以下命令
gedit pom.xml
在第55行下增加以下内容
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mortbay.jetty</groupId>
<artifactId>jetty-util</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
保存退出即可。
上述bug详见https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/HADOOP-10110，在hadoop3中修复了，离我们太遥远了。
好了，现在进入到目录/usr/local/hadoop-2.2.0-src中，执行命令
mvn package -DskipTests -Pdist,native,docs
如果没有执行第4步，把上面命令中的docs去掉即可，就不必生成文档了。
该命令会从外网下载依赖的jar，编译hadoop源码，需要花费很长时间，你可以吃饭了。
在等待n久之后，可以看到如下的结果：
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Main ................................ SUCCESS [6.936s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Project POM ......................... SUCCESS [4.928s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Annotations ......................... SUCCESS [9.399s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Assemblies .......................... SUCCESS [0.871s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Project Dist POM .................... SUCCESS [7.981s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Maven Plugins ....................... SUCCESS [8.965s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Auth ................................ SUCCESS [39.748s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Auth Examples ....................... SUCCESS [11.081s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Common .............................. SUCCESS [10:41.466s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop NFS ................................. SUCCESS [26.346s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Common Project ...................... SUCCESS [0.061s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop HDFS ................................ SUCCESS [12:49.368s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop HttpFS .............................. SUCCESS [41.896s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop HDFS BookKeeper Journal ............. SUCCESS [41.043s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop HDFS-NFS ............................ SUCCESS [9.650s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop HDFS Project ........................ SUCCESS [0.051s]
[INFO] hadoop-yarn ....................................... SUCCESS [1:22.693s]
[INFO] hadoop-yarn-api ................................... SUCCESS [1:20.262s]
[INFO] hadoop-yarn-common ................................ SUCCESS [1:30.530s]
[INFO] hadoop-yarn-server ................................ SUCCESS [0.177s]
[INFO] hadoop-yarn-server-common ......................... SUCCESS [15.781s]
[INFO] hadoop-yarn-server-nodemanager .................... SUCCESS [40.800s]
[INFO] hadoop-yarn-server-web-proxy ...................... SUCCESS [6.099s]
[INFO] hadoop-yarn-server-resourcemanager ................ SUCCESS [37.639s]
[INFO] hadoop-yarn-server-tests .......................... SUCCESS [4.516s]
[INFO] hadoop-yarn-client ................................ SUCCESS [25.594s]
[INFO] hadoop-yarn-applications .......................... SUCCESS [0.286s]
[INFO] hadoop-yarn-applications-distributedshell ......... SUCCESS [10.143s]
[INFO] hadoop-mapreduce-client ........................... SUCCESS [0.119s]
[INFO] hadoop-mapreduce-client-core ...................... SUCCESS [55.812s]
[INFO] hadoop-yarn-applications-unmanaged-am-launcher .... SUCCESS [8.749s]
[INFO] hadoop-yarn-site .................................. SUCCESS [0.524s]
[INFO] hadoop-yarn-project ............................... SUCCESS [16.641s]
[INFO] hadoop-mapreduce-client-common .................... SUCCESS [40.796s]
[INFO] hadoop-mapreduce-client-shuffle ................... SUCCESS [7.628s]
[INFO] hadoop-mapreduce-client-app ....................... SUCCESS [24.066s]
[INFO] hadoop-mapreduce-client-hs ........................ SUCCESS [13.243s]
[INFO] hadoop-mapreduce-client-jobclient ................. SUCCESS [16.670s]
[INFO] hadoop-mapreduce-client-hs-plugins ................ SUCCESS [3.787s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop MapReduce Examples .................. SUCCESS [17.012s]
[INFO] hadoop-mapreduce .................................. SUCCESS [6.459s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop MapReduce Streaming ................. SUCCESS [12.149s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Distributed Copy .................... SUCCESS [15.968s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Archives ............................ SUCCESS [5.851s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Rumen ............................... SUCCESS [18.364s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Gridmix ............................. SUCCESS [14.943s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Data Join ........................... SUCCESS [9.648s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Extras .............................. SUCCESS [5.763s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Pipes ............................... SUCCESS [16.289s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Tools Dist .......................... SUCCESS [3.261s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Tools ............................... SUCCESS [0.043s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Distribution ........................ SUCCESS [56.188s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Client .............................. SUCCESS [10.910s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Mini-Cluster ........................ SUCCESS [0.321s]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 40:00.444s
[INFO] Finished at: Thu Dec 26 12:42:24 CST 2013
[INFO] Final Memory: 109M/362M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
tar –zxvf hadoop-2.2.0.tar.gz #解压"hadoop-2.2.0.tar.gz"安装包
mv hadoop-2.2.0 /usr/local/hadoop #将"hadoop-2.2.0"移动到/usr/local目录下
chown –R hadoop:hadoop /usr/local/hadoop #将hadoop目录下的属性调整为hadoop本回答被提问者和网友采纳
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