主动语态如何改成被动语态

如题所述

主动语态变被动语态的方法
  1. 主动语态变被动语态的基本方法
  将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语,将主动谓语变为被动谓语(be+过去分词),将主动语态的主语变为by短语(在被动句中用作状语):
  He broke the cup. → The cup was broken by him.
  【注意】若不强调动词执行者,被动语态中的by短语通常可以省略:
  He was born in 1986. 他生于1986年。
  What is this flower called? 这种花叫什么花?
  2. 双宾动词的被动语态
  双宾动词即指带双宾语的动词,它们在变为被动语态时,通常是把间接宾语(指人)变为被动语态的主语,而把直接宾语(指事物)保留下来(称为保留宾语):
  He answered me that question. → I was answered that question by him.
  有的动词则通常把直接宾语(指事物)变为被动语态的主语,而把间接宾语改为介词to 或for引起的状语(到底用to还是for,与所搭配的动词有关):
  He wrote her a letter. → A letter was written to her. (与动词write搭配用介词to)
  She made him a new coat. → A new coat was made for him. (与动词make搭配用介词for)
  有时以上两种方式均可用:
  He gave her some money. 他给她一些钱。
  → She was given some money. / Some money was given to him.
  He bought her a watch. 他给她买了一块表。
  → A watch was bought for her. / She was bought a watch.
  3. 被动语态的时态
  被动语态的时态由被动结构“be+过去分词”中的动词be来体现,其基本结构和用法如下:
  (1) 一般现在时的被动语态:am [is, are]+过去分词
  English is taught in our school. 我们学校学英语。
  We are taken good care of at school. 我们在学校受到很好的照顾。
  (2) 一般过去时的被动语态:was [were]+过去分词
  He was taken to the police station. 他被带到了警察局。
  The house was built ten years ago. 这座房子是10年前建的。
  (3) 一般将来时的被动语态:will be+过去分词
  A new building will be built here soon. 不久这里将建一栋新楼。
  The meeting will be held at two this afternoon. 会议将于今天下午2点举行。
  (4) 现在完成时的被动语态:have [has]been+过去分词
  All the work has been done now. 所有的工作现在都做好了。
  Have the letters been posted? 信都寄了吗?
  (5) 过去完成时的被动语态:had been+过去分词
  He said the work had been finished. 他说工作已完成了。
  (6) 现在进行时的被动语态:am [is, are] being+过去分词
  My watch is being repaired by him. 我的表正在由他修理。
  The plan is now being discussed. 计划现在正在讨论。
  (7) 过去进行时的被动语态:was [were] being+过去分词
  He said that the man was being operated on. 他说那个人正在动手术。
  He told me that a new station was being built. 他说正在修建一个新车站。
  (8) 过去将来时的被动语态:would be+过去分词
  He said that the meeting would be held next week. 他说会议将于下周举于。
  4. 含有情态动词的被动形式
  若主动语态中谓语含有情态动词,在相应的被动语态中通常应保留该情态动词,其结构为“情态动词+be+过去分词”:
  Everyone must know this. →This must be known by everyone.
  请看以下带情态动词被动句实例:
  This can’t be done in a short time. 这不是短期内可以完成的。
  Can this be done by machine? 这可以由机器来做吗?
  The work must be done at once. 这工作必须马上做了。
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第1个回答  2016-11-21
主语和宾语换个位置 动词前面加be动词 动词变成被动形式(通常后面加ed)
如果主语是动作的承受者,或者是说动作不是由主语而是由其他人完成的,则用被动语态.主动语态→被动语态:
1、找到该句宾语(必须是在谓语动词后的),将它提到句子开头.
2、用被动语态结构be+Vt过去分词构成句子.
3、把原句的主语用by构成的介词短语带出,也可不加.
eg:I finished my homework yesterday.
→My homework was finished (by me) yesterday.
特殊形式:
1、部分Vi加上适当介词可当作Vt构成被动语态.
eg:Parents look after their children carefully.
→Children were looked after (by parents) carefully.
2、联系动词没有被动语态.eg:The water feels warm.
3、在主动语态中一些省略to的动词不定式改为被动语态时需加上to.
eg:Teachers often make him stand outside.
→He is often made to stand outside (by teachers).
4、have、let等动词无被动语态.
必要时,have可改为held,let sb to do sth可改为be allowed to do sth (被允许做某事).
第2个回答  2016-11-20
把主动语态的宾语变成主语,要是英语的话,动词前要加be,动词用过去分词形式,后面有的要加介词by或to,视动词而定。想知道是道什么题本回答被网友采纳

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