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Ammonia oxidation is thought to be the rate-limiting step of
nitrification in most ecosystems; it is therefore central to the global
nitrogen (N) cycle (Kowalchuk and Stephen, 2001). In arable soils,
most of the ammonia oxidization is carried out by autotrophic
ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) (Barraclough and Puri, 1995).
Therefore, to understand the role of AOB in soil N cycle, it is
important to monitor AOB population size and their activity in
different soil N condition. Real-time PCR was successfully used for
the quantification of AOB population size in soil targeting 16S rRNA
gene (Hermansson and Lindgren, 2001) and ammonia monooxygenase
gene amoA (Okano et al., 2004).
Studies show that N fertilization could increase AOB population
size in soils (Mendum et al., 1999; Phillips et al., 2000; Hermansson
and Lindgren, 2001; Okano et al., 2004). However, little is known
about the influence of different forms of N on AOB population size
and their nitrification potential in soils. It is also not known about
the effect of long-term balanced or unbalanced fertilization of N,
phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) on the AOB population size and
their activity. Here we report population size and specific nitrification potential of soil AOB determined by real-time PCR in
a long-term fertilizer experiment.
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